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In this article, based on the information of the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) in the United States, the amount of national budget of each country in 2017 and its ranking are summarized. This is the knowledge I want to keep as a civil servant.
- January 21, 2021
- Column: Theme "World"
- Canada , National Budget , Japan , Australia , USA , UK , China , Germany , France
Introduction-The World's National Budget published by the CIA in the United States
The national budget is the revenue and expenditure in each country, but it is also used as an "index to know the country" that shows at a glance the balance of income and expenditure and what kind of budget is allocated.
This time, we would like to introduce the national budgets of each country in 2017 , focusing on major economic powers .
At the same time, it also explains what kind of budget allocation each country has, so please use it to understand that country.
In this article, using the data of 2017, the price of yen per dollar is calculated by setting it at 112 yen from the dollar-yen exchange rate in 2017.
In addition, the data uses the US CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) 2017 National Budget Information (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/224.html). I am.
World National Budget Ranking-2017
Here, we will introduce the latest national budget rankings that we have compiled independently. It also explains the budget allocations of each country and the problems and issues that can be seen from those trends.
No. 1 in the world national budget ranking, US national budget-Fiscal year 2017 (deficit)
Revenue:
$ 3,315 billion (371,280 billion yen) Expenditure: $ 3,981 billion (445,872 billion yen)
Deficit: $ 666 billion (74,592 billion yen)
The country with the largest national budget in the world is still the United States.
Most of the revenue comes from the national income tax, payroll tax and social security. The largest factor in expenditure is "defense spending," followed by large budgets related to social projects such as public pensions, Medicare, and Medicaid.
The United States is said to be the world's largest economy, but the "fiscal deficit", in which expenditures are overwhelmingly higher than revenues, has continued for 20 years, and tax cuts and expenditures have been made since the Trump administration. The expansion has raised the budget deficit to a high level.
Please also refer to the following articles for the national budget of the United States.
The US budget deficit is expanding! The US national budget is about 485 trillion yen (2020)
Japan's "national budget" for fiscal 2020 is 102,658 billion yen. Even if you know the national budget of your own country, not many people know the national budget of other countries. In this article, we will give a thorough explanation of the national budget of the United States.
No. 2 in the world national budget ranking, China's national budget – Fiscal year 2017 (deficit)
Revenue:
$ 2.553 trillion (¥ 285,936 billion ) Expenditure: $ 3.8 trillion (¥ 336,896 billion)
Deficit: $ 455 billion (¥ 50,960 billion)
China has the second largest national budget after the United States.
Similar to the United States, China also spends a lot on "defense spending", and the focus is on the budget for "science and technology", and it is said that China is conscious of the United States in the space business, IT, AI technology, etc., which are growth fields.
China's defense spending is about one-fourth that of the United States, but China's defense spending is not much different from that of the United States in terms of the total national budget, so China's defense spending is wary.
Expenditures for social security account for the majority of expenditures in Japan (33%) and the United States (50%), but only 4% in China. China's national budget is characterized by occupying 80% of both public works and local distribution.
No. 3 in the world national budget ranking, Japan's national budget-fiscal year 2017 (deficit)
Revenue: $ 1.714 trillion (¥ 191.968 trillion)
Expenditure: $ 1.85 trillion (¥ 211.120 trillion)
Deficit: $ 117 billion (¥ 19,152 billion)
Japan, the country we live in, is the third largest country in the world with a national budget.
The budget deficit, in which expenditures are larger than revenues, continues. The breakdown of expenditures is roughly divided into "social security (33%)", "local financial resources (16%)" and "government bond interest payments (23%)", and unlike the United States and China, defense spending is as low as 5.2%.
Japan has a large proportion of "education and science promotion expenses" among major countries, and although it is focusing on scientific development such as school education, space development, and ocean development, the amount is small compared to the United States and China, so the future potential Is said to be lagging behind in these areas. Another issue is that the burden of "social security" is large, as in the United States.
4th in the world national budget ranking-Germany's national budget-Fiscal year 2017 (surplus)
Revenue:
$ 1,665 billion (186,480 billion yen) Expenditure: $ 1,618 billion (181,328 billion)
Surplus: $ 46 billion (¥ 5,152 billion )
Germany is one of the few major countries with a surplus national budget.
It has been in the black since 2014 and reached a record high in 2018. In Germany, the immigration problem and the poverty rate of 16.5% of the people are regarded as problems, leading to a decline in economic power. Attention is being paid to how long the surplus situation, which has been dealt with by reducing costs to each ministry and agency, will continue.
5th in the world national budget ranking, French national budget-Fiscal year 2017 (deficit)
Revenue:
$ 1,392 billion (¥ 155,904 billion ) Expenditure: $ 1,459 billion (¥ 163,408 billion)
Deficit: $ 67 billion ( ¥ 7,504 billion )
France has been pursuing policies to reduce its chronic budget deficit, but under the influence of the "Yellow Vest Movement" that started in November 2018, it will steer to major tax cuts for households such as income tax cuts and inhabitant tax cuts. I took. In addition, we are continuing to devise ways to reduce expenditures, such as gradually reducing corporate tax for companies and reducing 120,000 civil servants in five years.
Although the world economy is unstable, it is expected that the consumption of the people who have benefited from the demand in France and the purchasing power support measures by the government will increase, and we are aiming for a "stable national budget".
6th in the world national budget ranking, UK national budget-fiscal year 2017 (deficit)
Revenue:
$ 1.28 trillion (¥ 115.136 trillion ) Expenditure: $ 1.79 trillion (¥ 120.884 trillion)
Deficit: $ 51 billion (¥ 5.712 trillion)
The UK is not as big as other countries, but most of its spending is on social security (31%) and medical care (19.2%). It can be said that the third largest expenditure is "education (12.6%)", which is typical of the United Kingdom. The UK's budget for Brexit has accumulated over £ 4 billion and is being added almost every year.
The UK has been focusing on "austerity policies" for 10 years since the Lehman shock to adjust the budget deficit by raising taxes or cutting budgets, but as the budget deficit is improving every year, the UK's fiscal situation will be in the next few years. It is expected to improve.
7th in the world national budget ranking-Italy's national budget-Fiscal year 2017 (deficit)
Revenue: $ 903.3 billion (¥ 101,169.6 billion)
Expenditure: $ 948.1 billion (¥ 106,187.2 billion)
Deficit: $ 44.8 billion ( ¥ 5,017.6 billion )
Italy, which has the third largest national budget in Europe, is actually receiving support next to Greece, which has the largest amount of financial support from the EU. Therefore, the financial situation is not good at all. In order to end the accelerating poverty problem, we are taking measures such as eliminating tax cuts and retirement age increases, but in 2018 the EU's European Commission has requested that the budget be revised.
Italy, which has been scrutinized by the EU, wants to avoid sanctions from the EU, but it is undeniable that it is a national budget plan for burning blades. Italy's debt situation is at a level that requires warning.
8th in the world national budget ranking, Canada's national budget-Fiscal year 2017 (deficit)
Revenue: $ 649.6 billion (¥ 72,755.2 billion)
Expenditure: $ 665.7 billion (¥ 74,558.4 billion )
Deficit: $ 16.1 billion (¥ 1,803.2 billion)
Canada's national budget continues to be in the red, but from 2015 it introduced a policy called "investment in the middle class (middle class)" and got tax cuts and housing for the middle class of 9 million people. We continue to implement a national housing strategy that makes it easier to enter, and a Canadian pension system that gradually raises retirement allowances by 50%. This is characterized by lower unemployment, new job creation, and increased personal savings and consumption.
Most recently, the budget deficit of C $ 19.8 billion will be reduced to C $ 9.8 billion by 2023 due to the efforts to put it in the middle class. With the government's focused policies working well, it's a small but constructive national budget.
No. 9 in the world national budget ranking, Brazil's national budget-fiscal year 2017 (deficit)
Revenue: $
733.7 billion (¥ 82,174.4 billion ) Expenditure: $ 756.3 billion (¥ 84,705.6 billion)
Deficit: $ 22.6 billion (¥ 2,531.2 billion)
Brazil's national budget has been in the black in the past, but it is in the red in 2017. The finances are very fragile, and the reason is that it is a constitution called a pension powerhouse, and the pension payment start age is 55 years old, and the payment amount is 70% at the time of retirement. In addition, once the prices of natural resources such as oil, which support Brazil's finances, fall, the national finances deteriorate in an instant (hyperinflation) and are in an unstable state.
Brazil spends one-third of its spending on this pension system, so if the problem of the new coronavirus prolongs and the global economy slows down, pensions could cause the country to collapse. There are many oppositions to reforming the pension system, and it seems difficult. A stalemate in policies that rely on natural resources will significantly worsen national finances.
No. 10 in the world national budget ranking, Australian national budget-fiscal year 2017 (surplus)
Revenue: $ 490 billion (¥
54,880 billion ) Expenditure: $ 469.9 billion (¥ 52,628.8 billion)
Surplus: $ 20.1 billion (¥ 2,251.2 billion)
Australia's expenditures account for about 60% of the three factors of social security / welfare, health, and education, and although it was difficult to reduce and the budget deficit continued for a long time, it became a budget surplus in the 2017 fiscal year. Employment increased in connection with rising resource prices, leading to an increase in personal income tax.
While welcoming the profitability, there are still uncertainties such as the economic slowdown in China, which is the largest trading partner accounting for 30% of exports, and the continued decline in domestic housing prices due to tightening regulations. .. Following the investment in middle class like Canada, we are offering support such as tax cuts and tax refunds for low and middle income earners, but the decrease in revenue is inevitable.
Summary-The top 3 national budgets are 3 regular countries
As mentioned above, it was "Japan is the 3rd place! World national budget ranking (2017 information)" .
The ranking of the national budget has the same tendency every year for the top five, and the top three are always monopolized by the United States, China, and Japan. Germany, France and Italy are regulars in Europe, but Italy's financial situation is not good and the future composition may change.
In the top five and below, many countries have financial stability challenges and tend to be more susceptible to the global economy. Especially in Brazil and Australia, the ranking also fluctuates because the revenue changes drastically depending on the price of natural resources.
The national budget is just a guide for knowing the country, and it is not always necessary to be in the black. If you look at the national budget in detail, you can see the strengths and weaknesses of that country, issues, and the effectiveness of policies, so it is recommended that you pay close attention to the national budgets of major countries.
We also explain about Japan's national budget , so please have a look!
This article is information surveyed or published as of May 25, 2020.
Please use the content of the article at your own risk and in consideration of safety and usefulness.
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